Electrical Package of Services

Lightning Protection Risk Assessment

Objective and scope of study:

The objectives and scope of the Lightning & Surge Protection Study are as follows:

• Review the existing lightening protection system against national and international standards and correction and addition in the system to comply with applicable standards along with risk analysis.
• Study of maintenance aspects of lightening protection and suggest suitable corrective actions in existing system.
• Risk analysis & design reports with all as build drawings (as received from client)
• Reference standards applicable for the premises.

Lightning & Surge Protection Study – Sequence

RISK ASSESSMENT & DESIGN

Technical Scope:

• Risk Assessment Calculation Considering all elements as described in the IEC 62305 Part 2.
  • Structure Dimension – Collection area calculation
  • Structural Attribute calculations – Wm1, Wm2 & multiple Ks factors
  • Environmental Influences (Line, Location, Ng, TS days etc)
  • Adjacent Structure Contribution factor derivation
  • Power line factors
  • Existing protection measure
  • Loss of human life parameter derivation
• Selection of areas/buildings/structure/process area with higher probability >1*10e-5
• Review of existing lightning protection installed for structures & buildings of the plant.
• Selection of method for external lightning protection

As per prescribed methods in IS/IEC 62305 Part 3 selection of method shall be done as per the structure and complexity.Acceptable methods to be used in determining the position of the air-termination system include:

• The protection angle method
  • The rolling sphere method
  • The mesh method

• LPS definition shall freeze while on site visit and calculations done
• A typical structure shall be subjected to desired method as shown below –

Air termination systems can be composed of any combination of the following elements:

• Rods (including free-standing masts)
  • Catenary wires
  • Meshed conductor
• Proposed modification / addition in the existing system to comply with applicable standards with back-up support / calculation for proposed changes.
• Survey and suggest surge protection for the electronic equipment like DCS / Remote Field instruments / VFDs.
• Suggest Maintenance practices for the lightning protection system installed / suggested.
• Provide detailed specification for the equipment needs to be installed for modification.

Lightning protection of Oil Tanks:

Surge protection

1. Impulse (1) : 10/350µs of simulated lightning pulse
2. Impulse (2) : 8/20 µs of simulated overvoltage pulse

Risk assessment together with the determination and application of measures to reduce the risk of damage to structure, services and life hazard should all be considered in order to comply with the requirements of this guide covers the assessment and reduction of risk below tolerable levels, together with techniques for the protection against lightning and touch and step voltages of:

• Structures, their services, contents and persons within
• Services connected to the structure

Reference Standards

Lightning & Surge Protection is based on the following Standards:-

National Standards:

• IS 2309 - 2005: Protection of Buildings and Allied Structures Against Lightning.
• IEC 62305 – 1: Protection against lightning - Part 1: General Principles
• IEC 62305 – 2: Protection against lightning - Part 2: Risk Management
• IEC 62305 – 3: Protection against lightning - Part 3: Physical damage to structures and Life
• IEC 62305 – 4: Protection against lightning - Part 4: Surge Protection of equipment
• OISD GDN 180: Oil Industry Safety Directorate - Lightning Protection guidelines
• IS 3043 – 2006: Code of Practice for Earthing (First Revision)
• IS 7689: Code of Practice against Static Charges

International Standards:

• NFPA 780 – 2008 : Standard for the installation of Lightning Protection Systems
• API RP 2003 – American Petroleum Institute – Lightning Protection Standard
• IEEE 998 – Guide for Direct Lightning Stroke Shielding of Substations

Electrical System Design Review

This study intends to provide the proper application and coordination of those components that may be required to protect industrial and commercial power systems against abnormalities that could reasonably be expected to occur in the course of system operation.

The objectives of electrical system protection and coordination are to:

• Limit the extent and duration of service interruption whenever equipment failure, human error, or adverse natural events occur on any portion of the system.
• Minimize damage to the system components involved in the failure.
• One of the prime objectives of system protection is to obtain selectivity to minimize the extent of equipment shutdown in case of a fault.
• Human Protection in case of fault

The steps involved in the study are:

1. Data collection
2. Load flow Analysis
3. Short Circuit Analysis
4. Relay co-ordination
5. Arc flash analysis.

Load Flow Analysis

Objective:

The objective is to perform power flow analysis and voltage drop calculations with accuracy and reliability. In this step we calculate bus voltages, branch power factors, currents and power losses. Load Flow Analyzer allows the user to compare numerous study cases at a glance in detail. Perform AC, DC, single-phase and three-phase load flow studies on your network concurrently, no hassle only results.

• To check the voltage profile at different voltage Switchgear bus for normal & contingency operating conditions & recommend suitable corrective action.
• To observe active/reactive power flow pattern to establish sufficiency/addition of Power factor correction devices.
• To check the adequacy of continuous ratings of various equipment's.
• To determine the system losses for optimization.

Scope of Study:

• Calculate the loading on transformers & Electrical Panels.
• On upon client requirment voltage profile for the facility can be done (Calculation of voltage drop, losses, etc.)
• Verify the transformer tap settings.
• Calculate kVar losses.

The utility wants to know the voltage profile

• The nodal voltages for a given load and generation schedule

From the load flow solution

• The voltage magnitude and phase angle at each bus could be determined and hence the active and reactive power flow in each line could be calculated

Standard And Regulations

To the extent possible the audit will follow all applicable standards (international)   

• All applicable standards (international)

Fault level calculations

Objective of Fault Level Calculations:

Fault level at any given point of the electric power supply network is the maximum current that would flow in case of a Short Circuit fault at that point and the process by which it is measured with mathamatical and systematic methdology is know as fault level calculations

Scope of Study

This study will determine:

When performing fault calculations we usually assume that the system voltage at the point of the fault is the same as the nominal system voltage at that point. Another commonly made assumption is that the load current flowing in the system is negligible compared with the size of the fault current.

The process of calculating three-phase fault levels can be described in four main steps:

• Step 1 - System single line diagram
• Step 2 - Develop equivalent circuit expressing all parameters in per unit values:
• Step 3 - Apply circuit reduction techniques
• Step 4 - Calculate fault level and fault current

Standard And Regulations

The Fault Level Calculation Procedure Followed Is As Given In Is 13234-1992

(Indian Standard Guide for Calculating Short Circuit Currents in AC Electrical Networks up to 220kV)

Relay Coordination studies

A coordination study consists of the selection or setting of all series protective devices from the load upstream to the power supply. In selecting or setting these protective devices, a comparison is made of the operating times of all the devices in response to various levels of overcurrent. The objective is to design a selectively coordinated electrical power system.

Proper application and coordination of over-current relays and other protective devices is vital in a system requiring reliable electrical service. expert engineers bring the critical experience needed for the proper application of ANSI and NEC requirements to equipment protection.

In addition to relays that respond to short circuits, low-voltage breakers, differential, directional, power, under-voltage, out-of-step, and other special protective relays often need to be set.

Scope of Study

• Time overcurrent setting (phase)
• Time overcurrent setting (earth)
• Instantaneous overcurrent setting (Phase)
• Instantaneous overcurrent setting (earth)

Standard & Regulations

To the extent possible the audit will follow all applicable standards (international)

• All applicable standards (international)

Arc Flash Studies

Objective:

The Arc Flash Analysis used to determine worst case arc flash energy levels. Arc Flash Analysis identifies and analyzes high risk arc flash areas in your electrical power system

Scope of Study

• Arcing fault magnitude
• Device clearing time
• Duration of arc
• Arc flash boundary
• Working distance
• Incident energy
• Limited approach boundary
• Restricted approach boundary
• Prohibited approach boundary
• Recommendations for new equipment and/or system changes necessary to reduce the calculated arc flash energy level below 40 cal/cm2, where possible. General recommendations for arc flash hazard reduction will also be discussed.

Arc Flash Hazard Warning Label Generation:

Labels will be 4 inch X 4 inch thermal transfer type label of high adhesion polyester for each work location analyzed and will be machine printed, with no field markings. The label shall have an orange header with the wording, “WARNING, SHOCK & ARC FLASH HAZARD”, and shall include the following Location designation

• Nominal voltage
• Arc flash boundary
• Incident energy
• Working distance
• Limited approach boundary
• Restricted approach boundary
• Prohibited approach boundary
• Engineering report number, revision number and issue date.

Standard & Regulations

• Arc flash study based on IEEE 1584 2002-2004
• Arc flash study in compliance with NFPA® 70E 2015
• 1-phase, 3-phase arc flash hazard calculations
• Star protective device coordination.
• Arc Flash Result Analyzer
• PPE Requirements Approval

NFPA 70E Verification

Electrical Safety NFPA 70 E – Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace

Fire Ignition from Arc Flash

The original and primary mission of the NFPA

• Primarily covered by installation standards contained in the National Electric Code – NFPA 70
• The incidence of fire ignition has dropped dramatically since the advent of the NEC and the acceptance of installation requirements within the industry

Who is Responsible For Safety??

The “Employer” is responsible for

• OSHA requirements
• Electrical Safety Program
• Safety Policies and Procedures
• Safety Training and Retraining

The “Employee” is responsible for

• Implementing employer’s safety procedures

The “Owner” and Contractors are both responsible to Coordinate and document hazards and safety procedures

• Contractors on site with Owner

Approach Boundaries NFPA 70E-2012 Ch. 1, Section 130

Limited Approach Boundary

Entered only by qualified persons or unqualified persons that have been advised and are escorted by a qualified person

Restricted Approach Boundary

Entered only by qualified persons required to use shock protection techniques and PPE

Prohibited Approach Boundary

Entered only by qualified persons requiring same protection as if direct contact with live part Flash Protection Boundary Linear distance to prevent any more than 2nd degree burns from a potential arc-flash (typically 4 feet)

Standard & References

• NFPA 70 E (Standard for electrical safety at workplace)

Electrical HAZOP

Objective

• A Electrical System Hazard and Operability (EHAZOP/SAFOP) study is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing electrical system in order to identify and evaluate hazards that may represent risks to personnel or equipment, or prevent efficient operation.
• Qualitative technique based on guide-words and is carried out by a multi-disciplinary team during a set of discussion based sessions

Elements: Electrical HAZOP / SAFOP

SYSOP (System Operability)

The functioning and operation of the system and components are reviewed.

• The protection and control schemes and deficiencies in the design that affect operability and maintainability of the system is analyzed.
• The SYSOP study involves subdividing the complete electrical power system into a number of discrete ‘elements’ or systems, each of which is assessed by the review team, using guidewords.
• The review team agrees the location and possible causes of the deviations/concerns, the results and consequences .If there are mitigations or safeguards, and these are noted

SAFAN (Safety Analysis)

• The safety of all categories of persons, possibly coming into contact with the electrical installation/system is reviewed.
• The team assesses the possible situations where people (Outside Persons, Non-Electrical Company Staff and Contractors and Electrical Company Staff and Contractors) might get exposed to danger.
• The risks of an electrical installation are strongly linked to the degree of access or exposure permitted to the electrical equipment.
• SAFOP team identifies and agrees the exposure situation permitted in the design and if there are mitigations or safeguards, these are noted for the project team to action.

OPTAN (Operator Task Analysis)

• The evaluation of the electrical installation the required tasks of operational staff is done in this category.
• It analyses an Operator's anticipated response to hist ask by assessing the ability of that Operator, his equipment and instructions to give optimum performance with a minimum of error. The findings are noted in the worksheet

Standards & References

• All applicable international standard

Electrical Safety

Electrical System is the backbone of all the Industrial & Commercial Installations. Any disruption in the electrical system can bring the complete industry to stand-still and thus making it a highly critical part of any installation.

Electrical system can be very dangerous and lethal in case of,

• Incorrect designing
• Incorrect selection
• Incorrect Installation
• Improper Maintenance

Also industries need to comply with Statutory Govt. Regulations pertaining to Electrical Installations.

There are multiple tools for such hazard identification and gap analysis, like:

• Electrical Safety Audit
• Arc Flash Studies
• Relay Coordination Studies
• E-HAZOP
• Hazardous Area Classification Studies
• Power Quality Studies
• Lightning Risk Assessment

Electrical Safety Audits

Objectives of Electrical Safety:

Broadly the Electrical Safety and Risk Assessment are conducted with the following objectives:

• To carry out a systematic, critical appraisal of all potential electrical hazards involving personnel, Electrical Systems/Electrical Installation, services and operation method
• To review compliance of Electrical System/Electrical installations & maintenance practices with regard to the statutory regulations
• To group all hazards assessed into risk categories (High, Medium or Low) using Semi –Quantitative Risk Ranking Technique.
• To review electrical installations falling in hazardous area as per Indian and IEC Standards (except Mines)

Scope of study

To evaluate the Electrical Safety Practices against applicable National/International Standards and to carry out a systematic Electrical Risk Assessment

• Review of the adequacy and availability of the electrical shock protection devices and earth leakage devices.
• Verification of the statutory compliance with respect to the CEA Regulations 2010.
• Review of Lightning Protection System of the building (need, adequacy, installation and maintenance practices) as per IS 2309.
• Review of static electricity hazards in the Electrical System / Installations / Operations as per IS 7689.
• Review of electrical preventive maintenance system which includes the followings:
  • Test Records
  • Documentation, Policies & SOPs
  • History cards
  • AMC Documents
  • Work Permit Systems
  • LOTO Documents
• Review of electrical accidents and near-misses in the Electrical System/Installation to identify the root causes.
• Verification of statutory compliance with respect to Indian Electricity Rules 1956/CEA Regulations
• Physical inspection to identify electrical hazards (shock, fire, explosion, overloading) and to suggest electrical safety solutions
• Review of Electrical System/Installation lightning protection system (need, adequacy, installation and maintenance) as per IS 2309
• Review of static electricity hazards in the Electrical System/Installation operations as pr IS 7689
• Physical inspection to identify electrical causes of fire hazards (arc flash, fire in cables/wiring, explosion of batteries etc. , overloading of electrical equipment and cables) and to suggest electrical safety solutions.
• Review of protection devices / system of the electrical installation Transformers/ Electrical panel and DG Panel, ELCB for PDB and Surge protection device for critical electronic data processing installations.

Standards and References for Electrical Safety audit:

• CEA Regulations 2010
• Indian Electricity Rules 1956
• IS5216 - Recommendation on safety procedure and practices in electrical Work.
• TAC - Tariff advisory Committee Guidelines
• National Lighting Code 2010
• IEC 61643 – Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices
• IS 5216 : 1982 Part I Recommendations on safety procedures and practices in electrical work- General
• IS 10028 : Code of Practice for Transformer (Installation/Operation/Maintenance)
• IS 3043 : Code of Practice for Earthing
• IS 818 : 1968 Code of practice for Safety and Health Requirements in electric and gas welding and cutting operations.
• IS 2309 : 1989 Code of practice for the protection of buildings and allied structures against lightning.

Thermography

Objective

To carry out infrared scanning to detect hot spot in the Electrical System & to analyse the hotspots as per NFPA & NETA Standards.

Scope

Finding Hotspots and RCA – Following Equipment (not limited to the list below) shall be scanned

Reference Standard

Risk Categorization shall be done based on NFPA 70 B & NETA Standards.

Risk Categorization shall be based on the following Standards:-

1. NFPA 70B (National Fire Protection Association)
2. NETA (International Electrical Testing Association)

Fire Safety

Fire is one of the major concerns for any type of facility whether Industry, Commercial Building or Residential Apartments.

As per the NCRB’s 2014 ADSI Report, 4.3% accidents have happened due to fire which accounts to total of 19,513 casualties.

Therefore it is highly important to take regard of Fire Safety.

At Sparrow, we provide Fire Safety Studies as per Indian and International Standards and Benchmarks for identification of hazards and gaps related to fire safety. We provide services of

• Fire Safety Audit
• Emergency Preparedness
• Accident Investigation
• Fire Hydrant Designing

Fire Safety Audit

Objectives of Fire Safety and Risk Assessment

• A Fire Safety and Risk Assessment can provide levels of confidence that the compliance with the benchmarks of National Building Code, 2005 and relevant Indian standards have been met.
• The objective of Fire Safety and Risk assessment is to review the design, installation and maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment to analyze the gap and Risk associated in the requirements of the relevant design, installation and commissioning Standards and all other potential fire hazards.

Scope

To evaluates the Fire Safety/Risk Practices against applicable National / International standards.

Details

• Evaluate potential Fire hazard in the premises and suggest suitable preventive measures.
• Checking the adequacy and maintenance practice of the following Fire protection system provided in the premises and Suggest suitable recommendation as per NFPA / NBC / Local Statute / TAC (whichever applicable.)
  • Automatic Sprinkler system
  • Fire detection and Alarm system
  • Fire Hydrant system and requirement of Fire pumps and Water storages.
  • Fire extinguishers
• Checking the adequacy and conditions of the Fire exit, Fire escape route and access route for Fire emergency vehicle.
• Assess the requirement of Passive Fire protection system like cable pass sealant etc.
• Assessment of Fire safety training level of Security staff, and Facility Management Staff.
• Verification of statutory compliance with respect to Indian Electricity rules. This would include the following
  • Compliance to Statutory Rules Applicability of rules (Indian electricity Rules, Compliance to inspector’s reports)
  • Physical inspection to identify electrical causes of fire hazards (arc flash, fire in cables/wiring, explosion of batteries etc., overloading of electrical equipment and cables) and to suggest electrical safety solutions.
  • Review of protection devices / system of the electrical installation MCB / MCCB for Main Electrical panel and DG Panel, ELCB for PDB and Surge protection device.

Standards and Regulations

Brief List (not limited to following)

Emergency Preparedness

Prepare Before a Fire

1. ALWAYS familiarize yourself to “where you are” and be sure to know how to reach the TWO nearest EXITS.

2. Remember that in a fire situation, smoke is blinding and will bank down in the rooms and hallways. This condition may force you to crouch or crawl to escape to safety. By ALWAYS being aware of your surroundings, your knowledge of the nearest EXITS and having a PLAN will greatly increase your ability to deal with sudden emergencies.

If You Discover a Fire or See Smoke

3. If building fire alarm is not sounding, manually activate the alarm by pulling a fire alarm pull station

4. Located near an exit. Immediately exit the building. Call the Police

5. The first step after discovering a fire is to evacuate the area, closing all doors behind you. Locate the nearest manual fire alarm pull station and activate it, then contact the University Police. Whenever possible, and without putting yourself at risk, shut down laboratory or industrial equipment before leaving.

Steps for Safety in Fires:

6. Isolate the area by shutting doors when exiting.

7. Use stairs, never take the elevator during a fire. Notify the Police when you can do so safely.

8. Meet and account for other department members.

9. Never attempt to re-enter the building unless cleared to do so by the Fire Department.

10. NEVER ATTEMPT TO PUT OUT A FIRE ON YOUR OWN!

(Unless the fire is very small and you have been trained to do so).

If Building Fire Alarm is Activated or Someone informs you of a Fire

11. Walk to the nearest exit. Do not use the elevators.

12. If able, assist people with special needs.

13. Notify emergency personnel if you know or suspect someone is trapped or still inside the building.

14. Assemble outside at the Area of Gathering away from the building and do not attempt to re-enter the building until authorized to do so by the emergency responders.

If Caught in Smoke

15. Drop to hands and knees and crawl towards the nearest exit.

16. Stay low, smoke will rise to ceiling level first.

17. Hold your breath as much as possible; breathe through your nose and use a filter such as a shirt, towel or handkerchief.

If Trapped in a Room

18. Close as many doors as possible between you and the fire.

19. Wet and place cloth material around or under the door to help prevent smoke from entering the room.

20. If the room has an outside window, be prepared to signal to someone outside.

Clothing on Fire (Stop, Drop and Roll)

21. Direct or assist a person to roll around on the floor to smother the flames.

22. Only drench with water if a laboratory safety shower is immediately available.

23. Obtain medical attention. Call x66911.

24. Report incident to supervisor.

Using a Fire Extinguisher

Only use a fire extinguisher if the fire is very small and you have been trained to do so safely. If you cannot put out the fire, leave immediately and make sure the building alarm is activated and emergency personnel are notified.

TOTAL AND IMMEDIATE EVACUATION IS THE SAFEST.

Report ALL fires, no matter how small.

Accident Investigation

Objective of the Project

To identify:
1) Immediate causes
2) Underlying causes / Root causes of the fire incident

Scope of the Project

Scope of the project includes the followings:

1. Gathering the information:

To find out what happened and what conditions and actions influenced the adverse event.

Note: It is important to capture information as soon as possible. This stops it being corrupted, e.g. items moved, guards/barrier replaced etc. If necessary, work must stop and unauthorised access be prevented.

2. Analysing the information:

An analysis involves examining all the facts, determining what happened and why. All the detailed information gathered shall be assembled and examined to identify what information is relevant and what information is missing. The information gathering and analysis are actually carried out side by side. As the analysis progresses, further lines of enquiry requiring additional information will develop.

3. Identifying suitable risk control measures:

The methodical approach adopted in the analysis stage will enable failings and possible solutions to be identified. These solutions need to be systematically evaluated and only the optimum solution(s) should be considered for implementation. If several risk control measures are identified, they should be carefully prioritised as a risk control action plan, which sets out what needs to be done, when and by whom.

Adverse Event Analysis

Standard And Regulations

To the extent possible the audit will follow all applicable standards (international)

• All applicable standards (international)

Construction Safety

Objective of Construction safety

• To carry out a systematic, critical appraisal of all construction hazards involving personnel, plant, services and operation method at worksite and
• To ensure that the present Construction Safety, Health and Environment Management System fully satisfy the legal requirements, company’s written safety policies, objectives and applicable safety guidelines

Scope of study

To conduct construction safety audit and to prepare audit report along with status report for any change in the available system.

Construction HSE Audit of project site will be carried out in two parts

a) Audit on HSE Management systems at project site
b) Audit on Technical Elements

Audit on HSE Management System evaluates

• HSE Policy, HSE Plan, HIRA, HSE Inspection, HSE Organization and Committees,
• HSE Awareness and Training, HSE Evaluation of Subcontractors, Work Permit systems, HSE Performance Measurement, Management of First aid, Incident
• Reporting and Incident Analysis, Corrective action and Preventive action and Emergency Preparedness / Response plan

Audit on Technical Element covers

• Excavation, Blasting, Piling, Scaffolding, Work at Height, Formwork and Concreting,
• Material Handling, Grinding, Welding & Gas Cutting, Plant & Machinery, Electrical
• Safety, Fire Protection, House Keeping, Personnel Protective Equipment,
• Occupational Health & Hygiene, Environment Management
• To communicate on a regular basis to update the safety level.
• To communicate about existing construction safety risk to local site coordinator and involved vendor.

Categorization of Audit findings

Recommendation Category	Criterion
Category A	Recommendations that are required to be implemented immediately based on the minimum guidelines by management, applicable Indian statues.
Category B	Recommendations that are provided based on Good Management Practices followed in similar industry/features that can be considered for further strengthening the HSE Management system

Audit on Technical Elements

Recommendation Priorities	Criterion
HIGH	Recommendations that require immediate implementation
MEDIUM	Recommendations that may be implemented within next 1 Weeks
LOW	Recommendations that may be implemented during the next available opportunity

Standards & Regulations (Standard Adopted)

To the extent possible the audit will follow all applicable standards (international)

All applicable standards (international)

• NBC GUIDELINES
• Applicable statues for Construction Industry in India
• Relevant Indian Standards (IS) applicable to construction Industry.
• The Building and Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Act 1996 & Central Rules 1998
• Good Engineering and Safety Practices followed in similar construction site

RULES TO FOLLOW ON CONSTRUCTION SITE

Hazardous Area Classification

Objective

Equipment used in hazardous area (where flammable vapor and explosive dusts occur) need to have greater levels of protection against ingress of dust and vapors so that they do not become a source of ignition for such materials.

Since the occurrence of coal dust is inevitable at places where large amounts of coal is handled, the review of electrical systems for their fitness for use in such hazardous area cannot be overlooked

Scope

The following scope is to carry out a HAC design and study which includes drawing on the existing CAD drawing of the proposed plant with respect to the process & storage and preparation of HAC zoning & selection of electrical equipment for each zone drawn along with one site visit.

• Study the process flow and analyzing chemicals with aspect of Hazardous Area classification of the plant with respect to 94/9/EC (ATEX 95), IS 5572, IS 5572, IS 13408 , and relevant NFPA-Standards like 496, 497(if & when reference required) etc.
• To draw and classify zones as per above mentioned standards for each blocks (as per CAD drawing provided)
• To classify the type & selection of electrical equipment to be installed in the Hazardous area as per zones classified.
• To submit the drawings (updated with HAC zones) and equipment selection criteria containing the observations and recommendations.
• To provide the maintenance guidelines pertaining to Electrostatic charges, Flameproof equipment etc.
• Describe loading and unloading practices of chemicals in use.

Indian Context -Standards Followed

Volatile Liquids -

Sl.NO.	CODE	TITLE/VERSION ,ORIGIN and Predecessor
1	IEC 60079-10	Electrical Equipment to be Used in Hazardous Area Containing Flammable Liquids & Vapors.
2	IS 5572	Classification of hazardous areas having flammable gases and vapors for electrical installation
3	IS 5571	Guide for selection of equipment for hazardous areas
4	IS 13408	Code of practice for the selection, Installation and maintenance of Electrical apparatus for use in Potentially explosive atmospheres
5	NFPA 497b	Recommended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas.
6	IS 2148	Electrical Apparatus For Explosive Gas Atmospheres - Flameproof Enclosures "d"
7	IS 5780	Intrinsically safe electrical apparatus and circuits
8	IS 6381	Construction and testing of electrical apparatus for electrical equipment with type of protection ‘e’
9	IS 7389 PART 1	Pressurized enclosures of electrical apparatus for use in electrical apparatus for use in explosive atmospheres
10	IS 8289	Electrical equipment with type of protection ‘n’

Dusts:

Sl.NO.	CODE	TITLE/VERSION ,ORIGIN and Predecessor
1	NFPA 499	Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous Copyright NFPA (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical process areas
2	IS 15142	Guide to the use of Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres
3	IS 14154 part 2	Electrical apparatus with protection by enclosures for use in the presence of combustible dusts. Guide to selection, installation and maintenance
4	IS 5571	Guide for selection of equipment for hazardous areas
5	IS 61241-10 (IEC)	Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dusts- Classification of areas where combustible dusts are present ( Supersedes IS 13408)
6	IS 61241-14 (IEC)	Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dusts- Selection and Installation (supersedes IS 13408)
7	IS 5780	Intrinsically safe electrical apparatus and circuits
8	IS 6381	Construction and testing of electrical apparatus for electrical equipment with type of protection ‘e’
9	IS 7389 PART 1	Pressurized enclosures of electrical apparatus for use in electrical apparatus for use in explosive atmospheres
10	NFPA 499	Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous Copyright NFPA (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical process areas

Indian Rules (Only for reference)

Indian Electricity Rules (IER) 1956 & latest amendment -

• Rule No. 51 (1-d) –

In case of installations provided in premises where inflammable materials including gases and /or chemicals are produced, handled or stored, the electrical installations, equipment and apparatus shall comply with the requirements of flame proof, dust tight, totally enclosed or any other suitable type of electrical fittings depending upon the hazardous zones as per the relevant Indian Standard Specification.

Central Electrical Authority (CEA) Regulations 2010 (same as IER)

• Regulation No. 37 (iv) –

In case of installations provided in premises where inflammable materials including gases and /or chemicals are produced, handled or stored, the electrical installations, equipment and apparatus shall comply with the requirements of flame proof, dust tight, totally enclosed or any other suitable type of electrical fittings depending upon the hazardous zones as per the relevant Indian Standard Specification.