Fire and Gas Mapping Study for an oil terminal and jetty is a critical safety assessment performed to ensure effective detection of fire and gas hazards. In hydrocarbon facilities handling flammable liquids and gases, early detection plays a vital role in preventing major accidents and minimizing risk to personnel and assets.
This study focuses on identifying potential hazard sources, evaluating gas dispersion scenarios, and optimizing detector placement to achieve maximum detection coverage using advanced 3D modelling techniques.
The main objective of this Fire and Gas Mapping Study is to design an efficient and reliable detection system for the facility. It involves a detailed evaluation of potential hazards and ensures compliance with international safety standards.
Key objectives include:
The study was carried out using a structured and systematic approach to ensure accurate results and effective detector placement.
Initially, the facility was assessed to identify hazardous areas and classify them based on risk levels. Following this, potential accident scenarios were analysed considering release frequency, quantity, and material properties. The facility layout was then divided into smaller risk volumes to better understand hazard distribution.
Gas dispersion characteristics were defined based on standard cloud sizes, and a 3D model of the facility was developed using Detect3D software. Based on this model, fire and gas detectors were placed in critical locations. Coverage mapping was performed to evaluate detection effectiveness, and the detector layout was further optimized wherever required.
The study was conducted in accordance with internationally recognized codes and standards to ensure reliability and compliance. Including
| Document No | Document Name |
| DEP 32.30.20.11 | Fire, Gas and Smoke Detection Systems |
| ISA-TR 84.00.07 | Guidance on the Evaluation of Fire, Combustible Gas, and Toxic Gas System Effectiveness |
Detection Coverage Requirements
| Metric | Requirement |
| 1ooN | ≥ 90% |
| 2ooN | ≥ 85% |
Certain assumptions were considered during the analysis to standardize the study and ensure consistency.
The gas cloud sizes were defined based on the level of congestion within the facility. Enclosed areas were assigned smaller cloud sizes, while open areas were considered with larger dispersion diameters.
Different types of detection technologies were used in the study to ensure accurate identification of fire and gas hazards across the facility.
Open path gas detectors were used to detect gas clouds across a defined beam path, making them effective for large open areas. Point gas detectors were installed near potential leak sources such as valves and flanges to detect localized gas concentrations. Flame detectors, particularly multi-spectrum IR detectors, were used to identify hydrocarbon fires based on line-of-sight detection.
The gas detection system was designed to ensure adequate coverage across all critical areas of the facility.
| DETECTOR TYPE | QUANTITY |
| Open Path Gas Detectors | 1 |
| Point Type Detector | 3 |
The coverage analysis showed that the system meets and exceeds the required standards.
| COVERAGE METRIC | RESULT (%) |
| 1ooN | 97.1 |
| 2ooN | 85.6 |
Flame detectors were strategically placed to ensure complete visibility of fire risk zones within the facility.
| DETECTOR TYPE | QUANTITY |
| IR flame detector | 2 |
The analysis confirmed excellent detection performance across all scenarios.
| COVERAGE METRIC | RESULT (%) |
| 1ooN | 100 |
| 2ooN | 100 |
The Fire and Gas Mapping Study for the oil terminal and jetty was successfully completed using advanced 3D modelling and coverage analysis techniques. The results demonstrate that the detection system achieves the required coverage criteria and provides reliable detection of fire and gas hazards.
The optimized detector layout significantly enhances safety by improving early detection capabilities and reducing risk exposure. Additional detector recommendations further strengthen the overall effectiveness of the Fire and Gas detection system.
Get in touch with our experts for a comprehensive Fire and Gas Mapping Study to enhance detection coverage, ensure compliance, and improve facility safety.
